Bit for boring square holes.



w. H. SMITH..

BIT FOR BORING SQUARE HOLES.

APPLICATION FlLED APR.22. 1916.

1,241,949 I PatentedSept. 25, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

amvawtoz W H'SMITH W. H. SMITH.

BIT FOR BORING SQUARE HOLES. APPLICATION FILED APR.22. ms.

Patented Sapt. 25, 1917.

2 $HEETS-SHEET Z.

LQQLQQQQ WILLIAM H. SMITH, 0F PASADENA, CALIFORNIA.

BIT FOB. BORING SQUARE HOLES.

Application filed April 22, 1916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. SMITH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pasadena, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Bits for Boring Square Holes, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to wood working implements, and particularly to bits or angers designed to bore square or manysided holes.

A general object of theinvention is the provision of a tool for this purpose which is very simply constructed, and which may be used in connection with any brace or other power applying mechanism of like general character, and one of the objects of the invention is the provision of a boring tool of this character having means whereby it may be automatically fed into a previously out round bore or hole.

A further object is to provide means whereby the bit may be steadied in its oper ation.

Still another object is to provide means whereby the gears and cutting saws 0n the bit may be readily detached therefrom to thereby permit the attachment of, bit cutting saws having different sizes and to fur- "ther permit the cutting saws to be sharpened and set.

Still another object is to provide for protecting the beveled gear wheels from being clogged with dust.

Other objects will appear in the course of the following description.

My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein;

Figure 1 is an elevation of my bit or auger showing it in actual use;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the bit or anger, the central shaft being in elevation;

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2, the sleeve 14 being broken away and the sleeve 21 and feed screw 33 being in section;

Fig. 4 is a top plan view of the sleeve 19;

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of the sleeve 19;

Fig. 6 is an enlarged section on the line 66 of Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a side elevation of the upper casing or boxing 28;

Fig. 8 is a side elevation of the upper Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 25, 1917.

Serial No. 93,001.

casing or boxing viewed at right angles to Fig. 7; and

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the lower boxing or casing.

My improved-tool includes a centrally arranged drivingshaft 10 which is provided at its upper end with a tapered head whereby it may be engaged with the chuck of a brace.

At its lower end the shaft is provided with the slot 11 for the reception of a key 12.

Surrounding the shaft 10 and abutting at its upper end against a shoulder 13 is a sleeve 14 which at its lower end is enlarged as at 15 and formed at diametrically opposite points with the longitudinally extending recesses'16. This sleeve 14. is loose on the shaft so that the shaft may rotate therein and the sleeve 14. is provided with the handle 17 which is longitudinally adjustable upon the sleeve to any convenient position .and is heldin adjusted position by means of the set screw 18.

19 which carries upon it the outwardly pro- 'jecting stub shafts 20, the number of these shafts depending upon the number of the saws used which in this case is four, these stub shafts being arranged in quadrangular relation. Disposed below the sleeve 19 is a sleeve 21 which adjacent its upper end carries the beveled gear wheel 22. This sleeve 21 abuts at its upper end against a washer 23 disposed against the lower end of the sleeve 19, and thesleeve is held in place by means of the pin '12.

Mounted upon the several stub shafts 20 are the several circular saws 24 each having a tubular shank 25, this shank carrying the beveled gear wheel 26 having teeth which mesh with the teeth of the beveled gear 22. Each tubular shank 25 is loose upon a stub shaft 20 and the inner end of each tubular shank 25 abuts against a washer 27 as shown most clearly in Fig. '2.

For the purpose of housing gear wheels 22 and 26, I provide the upper and lower housing sections 28 and 29 respectively. Each of these housing sections comprises a rectangular box open on one side face and a neck 30 extending therefrom, this neck being tubular and surrounding in one case the sleeve 19 and inthe other case the sleeve 21. The end walls of these boxes are cut away, as at 31, to accommodate the tubular shafts 25.

The upwardly extending neck 30 of the upper housing section 28 is cut away at its upper end so as to provide teeth 32 fitting within the recesses 16 of the enlarged portion 15 as best seen in Fig. 1, while the lower end of the lower neck 30 bears against and is supported on a feed screw 33 which in turn is held in place by the pin 12. This feed screw as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, has a diameter equal to the distance between the outer faces of oppositely disposed saws 24 and is formed on its periphery with screwthreads having a relatively low pitch. The feed screw 33 is keyed to the sleeve 21, as shown in Fig. 2, and this sleeve as shown in Fig. 2 is keyed to the shaft 10.

The operation of my invention will be obvious from the drawing. In practical use, when it is desired to form a mortise or like recess, a circular hole is first bored, the hole having a diameter practically the same as the feed screw 33 and of a depth equal to the depth of the mortise. The feed screw is then placed within the opening and the shaft 10 is rotated by means of a brace or any other suitable appliance of this character, the upper end of the supporting sleeve 14 being held perpendicular to the work by means of the handle 17. The rotation of the shaft 10 will, through the gears 22 and 26, cause the rotation of the sa s 24, and these saws being placed in quadrangular relation will cut a square hole or mortise in the work. As the shaft 10 is rotated, the feed screw 33 will feed the tube downward into the bore. Thus as the shaft 10 is forced downward into the work each of the four circular saws will cut in a plane which is one of the v the circular sawshave out inward a part of the diameter of the saws, it will not be necessary to hold the handle 17 as the flat faces of the cut will hold the saws in the plane desired. To increase the size of bore, the split pin 12 is removed whereupon all of the parts will fall off or may be removed from the main shaft 10. The saws and gears 22 and 26 and the feed screw 33'are then re placed with saws of a larger size and with a feed screw of the proper size, The split pin 12 is then replaced and the bit is again ready for operation.

It is to be noted that all of the parts of my device may be readily disassembled and as readily assembled, and furthermore, it

will be seen that the gears are all positively housed so that no dust or dirt can possibly work into these gears and clog them, which is one of the faults of augers of this type as ordinarily constructed. It will also be noted that the shaft 10 is relatively large and that the strength of this shaft is very much increased by reason of the fact that the shaft is inclosed within the sleeve 14 which extends normally the entire length of the shaft and which sleeve 14: takes a large part of the strain off the shaft 10.

\Vhile I have illustrated certain details of construction which I believe to be of particular value, and which I have found entirely effective in practice, I do not wish to be limited to these details, as it is obvious that many details of construction might be changed without departing from the spirit of the invention.

Having described my invention what I claim is: p

1. A boring tool comprising a driving shaft, a feed screw carried at the lower end of the driving shaft and rotating in a plane at right angles to the axis of a shaft, a sleeve supported upon the lower end of the driv ing shaft and having a beveled gear wheel v thereon operating in a plane at right angles to the axis of the shaft, a sleeve surrounding the driving shaft and bearing against the upper end of the first-named sleeve and having a plurality of radiating stub shafts, a sleeve surrounding the upper portion of the driving shaft and bearing against the upper end of -the second named sleeve, a handle mounted upon the uppermost sleeve and operatively engaging the second-named sleeve to prevent its rotation, gear wheels mounted upon the stub shafts and having tubular shanks, and circular saws mounted upon saidshanks and disposed in quadrilateral relation to each other.

2. A boring tool comprising a driving shaft, a sleeve surrounding the driving shaft, and detachably engaged for rotation therewith, a driving gear wheel mounted on the sleeve, a housing slidably mounted upon and inclosing the sleeve and having quadrilateral bearings, saw shafts mounted in the bearings each having a beveled gear wheel engaged by the driving beveled gear wheel, saws carried by said shafts and disposed in quadrilateral relation, and means for holding the sleeve and housing in detachable engagement with the driving shaft.

3. In a boring tool of the character described, a central shaft, a sleeve mounted upon the shaft, means for holding the sleeve from rotation, a plurality of stub shafts extending radially from the sleeve and carryingsaws, gearing operatively engaging the said saws with the central shaft, and a housing formed in two sections detachably supported around the central shaft and inmenses closing the gearing, the sections meeting on a plane coincident with the axes of the several stub shafts, and means operatively engaging the central shaft and detachably holding said housing sections in place.

4. In a boring tool of the character described, a central shaft, a sleeve surrounding the major portion of the shaft and having an angularly projecting handle, a sleeve surrounding the lower portion of the shaft and operatively engaged therewith for rotation, said sleeve carrying a beveled gear wheel, a sleeve resting upon the second named sleeve and bearing at its upper end against the lower end of the first-named sleeve and having a plurality of radiating stub shafts, a plurality of circular saws having tubular shanks mounted upon said stub shafts, said tubular shanks having the beveled gearwheels engaging with the driving beveled gear wheel, a lower housing section having a rectangular hollow body and a tubular neck surrounding the second-named sleeve, an up per housing section having a rectangular hollow body and-a tubular neck, the tubular neck surrounding the third-named sleeve, the side walls of the housing sections being cut away to surround the tubular shanks of the saws a feed screw carried upon the lower extremity of the driving shaft and. bearing against the lower end of the lower housing section, and the lower end of the first-named sleeve and operatively connected with the shaft to rotate therewith, and a key detachably engaging the lower extremity of the shaft and holding the several sleeves, the feed screw and the housing sections in place.

5. In a boring tool of the character described, a central shaft, a sleeve surrounding the upper portion of the shaft and having a handle, a bevel gear wheel detachably mounted upon the lower end of the driving shaft, a sleeve disposed around said shaft and above the bevel gear wheel and bearing at its upper end against the lower end of said first named sleeve and carrying a plurality of radiating stub shafts, a plurality of circular saws having tubular shanks mounted upon said stub shafts, said tubular shanks. having bevel gear wheels engaging with the driving bevel gear wheel, a lower housing section, and an upper housing section inclosing said gear Wheels, the side walls of the housing sections being cut away to surround the tubular shanks of the saws, and means 'detachably holding the first named gear wheels and said housing sections in place.

6. A boring tool comprising a driving shaft, a sleeve supported upon the lower end of the driving shaft and having a bevel gear wheel thereon operating in a plane at rightangles to the axis of the shaft, a sleeve surrounding the driving shaft and operatively supported upon the upper end of the first named sleeve and having a plurality of radiating stubshafts, means whereby said second named sleeve may be held from rotation, gear wheels mounted upon the said stub shafts and having tubular shanks surrounding the stub shafts, the gear Wheels meshingwith the driving gear wheel, and circular saws mounted upon said shanks.

In testimony whereof I hereunto aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM E. SMITH.

Witnesses:

W. H. NIoHoLs, C. E. HICKS. 

